How to run the backend locally with Docker or in the cloud
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Agentic AI Is Rewriting The Analytics Stack But There's One Skill It Still Can't Touch
As AI handles more of the execution, what work should belong to agents vs humans and why does that distinction matter?
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Stop Giving Your AI Agent a Search Box and Start Giving It Typed Tools, Hard Bounds, and a Gate It Cannot Talk Past
What happens when you stop feeding a model context and let it go find its own, walking a knowledge graph within strict limits, and what four models and one wrong prediction revealed about whether that is worth doing.
The post Stop Giving Your AI Agent a Search Box and Start Giving It Typed Tools, Ha...
Enterprise Document Intelligence [Vol.1 #2D] - What data scientists say when asked, what the model actually does under the hood, and why the honest answer changes your architecture decisions in enterprise RAG
The post How Does a RAG Reranker Really Work? appeared first on Towards Data Science.
Why most agents are just flowcharts in disguise, and what to build instead.
The post Is Agentic AI Just Automation? appeared first on Towards Data Science.
A New Towards Data Science: A Faster Site and a Brand-New Contributor Portal
We're excited to share some big news: We completely rebuilt the TDS website and our contributor portal. Whether you come here to read, to write, or both, here's what you can expect from our new site.
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Hallucinations, Watermarks, Removers, and a Squeezed Balloon
Watermarks act at the model’s moments of doubt, and so do the safety checks that catch AI mistakes
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A practical guide to navigate hierarchies, find routes, detect cycles and calculate degrees of separation
The post Recursive CTEs: SQL’s Hidden Graph Traversal Engine appeared first on Towards Data Science.
Most LLM inference runtimes have no idea a physical deadline exists. This one refuses admission rather than miss a 33ms robot control cycle, evicts KV cache by meaning instead of age, and is written entirely in hand-written CUDA — no cuBLAS, no libtorch.
The post Can an LLM Forget the Right Things? ...
Speculative Decoding on CPUs: Nearly 4x Faster Token Generation with DFlash
Speculative decoding can turn underused CPU compute into faster token generation, without changing the model's output. In our vLLM tests, DFlash delivered 3.92x the autoregressive throughput with Qwen3.5-9B on Intel Xeon 6 at concurrency 1. We break down where the speedup comes from, explain the acc...
AI Agents Don’t Need More Context — They Need Typed Context
AI agents don’t just have a context problem—they have a context typing problem. When instructions, memory, retrieved evidence, and tool outputs are flattened into one string, their semantic boundaries can disappear. I built a lightweight, zero-dependency Python runtime that keeps those boundaries ex...
Parse the Folder, Not Just the PDFs: The Relational Tables RAG Needs on a Case File
Enterprise Document Intelligence [Vol.1 #14D] - The index lists what the case type demands before any folder is opened, and the two questions worth building for are not retrieval questions at all
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Building a Proper Backend for My LangGraph AI Agent
Turning a demo agent into something that can keep real booking data
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Multi-Document RAG: A Folder of Unrelated PDFs Is One Long Document with a Nested Outline
Enterprise Document Intelligence [Vol.1 #14B] - No shared fields means no index to build. One summary line per file plus each file’s own table of contents, and retrieval routes down two levels
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Turning Codex from an interactive assistant into a programmable automation component
The post Running Codex as a Headless Agent appeared first on Towards Data Science.
Estimating from No Data: Deriving a Continuous Score from Categories
A walkthrough of and the maths behind using low-capacity networks to acquire fine-grained scoring when only categorical labelling is available for training
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What a production incident taught me about trusting a model to judge another model's work
The post The LLM Judge That Kept Agreeing With Itself appeared first on Towards Data Science.
Three Kinds of RAG Corpus, and What It Costs to Build for the Wrong One
Enterprise Document Intelligence [Vol.1 #14A] - Three questions tell you which shape a document collection has, and each shape wants a different architecture
The post Three Kinds of RAG Corpus, and What It Costs to Build for the Wrong One appeared first on Towards Data Science.
Making the Knowledge Layer a Graph You Actually Traverse
Why retrieval quality should be a property of the system, not of the question's wording? Rebuilding knowledge layer with graph traversal on every query, bitemporal edges, and two-threshold entity resolution.
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Jigsaw Jeeves: Building a Puzzle Assistant using Computer Vision
Conceptual overview and walkthrough of a solution approach in Python
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From Prototype to Production: The Architecture Behind Secure & Governed AI Agents
Building the Responsible AI, security, and governance layers required for enterprise-ready agents
The post From Prototype to Production: The Architecture Behind Secure & Governed AI Agents appeared first on Towards Data Science.
Building Enterprise Agent Systems that People can Trust, Verify and Improve
5 principles that determine whether an agent system succeeds in production, explained through one I built for a $100M+ company.
The post Building Enterprise Agent Systems that People can Trust, Verify and Improve appeared first on Towards Data Science.
Graph Engineering Isn’t About More Connections — It’s About Which Ones Get Used
Adding more communication pathways between agents doesn’t necessarily improve multi-agent performance. In a controlled, reproducible experiment across 50 runs, recovery remained remarkably stable from 20% to 100% relationship density. But as the network became denser, the fraction of edges actually ...